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Richard III (1483-1485)
Richard was born in Fotheringhay Castle, in Northamptonshire on 2nd October 1452. In 1483 the young Edward V and his brother, called The Princes in the Tower, had disappeared and were probably dead. Richard, their uncle, became King Richard III on 26th June 1483 and was crowned in Westminster Abbey on 6th July 1483. King Richard III was married to Anne Neville, who was the daughter of the Earl of Warwick. They had one son. In 1484 their son died and a year later the queen died. Richard is credited with the responsibility for several murders: Henry VI , Henry's son Edward, his brother Clarence, and his nephews Edward and Richard. Richard had many enemies and on 7th August 1485 Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, landed at Milford Haven with a small army. He gathered more support as he marched through Wales. Richard and his army were in Nottingham. The two armies met two and a half miles south of Market Bosworth on Bosworth field. Although Richard’s army was the stronger of the two, a large part of his army changed sides during the battle. The battle only lasted two hours. Richard III tried to attack Henry Tudor in person, but was cut down. According to William Shakespeare, Richard is supposed to have cried out, “A Horse, a horse, my kingdom for a horse.” Richard died on the battlefield of Bosworth, in Leicestershire on 22nd August 1485. Richard III was the last king of England to die on the battlefield. His death marked the end of the Wars of the Roses and began the new royal house of Tudor with Henry V11 as king. Richard was buried at Greyfriars Abbey, Leicester, but was later disinterred and his tomb destroyed. During the Reformation his bones were dug up and thrown into the River Soar. 1. Where did Henry Tudor and his army land?
2. Where was Richard born?
3. On which battlefield did Richard die?
4. In which river did they throw Richard’s bones?
5. What was the name of the war that two families were fighting?
6. Richard III was from which family?
7. What colour rose did the House of York use for their badge?
8. What colour rose did the House of Lancaster use for their badge?
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